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Satellite Missions Catalogue

Okean-O1 (Ocean-O1)

Jun 8, 2012

EO

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Atmosphere

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Ocean

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Liquid water and precipitation rate

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Quick facts

Overview

Mission typeEO
AgencyROSKOSMOS, ROSHYDROMET
Mission statusMission complete
Launch date11 Oct 1994
End of life date03 May 2001
Measurement domainAtmosphere, Ocean, Land, Snow & Ice
Measurement categoryLiquid water and precipitation rate, Cloud particle properties and profile, Multi-purpose imagery (ocean), Radiation budget, Multi-purpose imagery (land), Albedo and reflectance, Atmospheric Humidity Fields, Ocean topography/currents, Sea ice cover, edge and thickness, Snow cover, edge and depth, Ocean surface winds, Ocean wave height and spectrum, Ice sheet topography
Measurement detailedOcean imagery and water leaving spectral radiance, Precipitation intensity at the surface (liquid or solid), Cloud liquid water (column/profile), Land surface imagery, Earth surface albedo, Short-wave Earth surface bi-directional reflectance, Atmospheric specific humidity (column/profile), Wind vector over sea surface (horizontal), Sea-ice cover, Snow cover, Sea-ice thickness, Significant wave height, Ocean dynamic topography, Sea-ice sheet topography
InstrumentsRLSBO, KONDOR-2, MSU-M, MSU-S, RM-08
Instrument typeImaging multi-spectral radiometers (vis/IR), Imaging multi-spectral radiometers (passive microwave), Data collection, Imaging microwave radars
CEOS EO HandbookSee Okean-O1 (Ocean-O1) summary

Okean-O1

The Okean-O1 (Ocean-O1) is a spacecraft generation, built by the Yuzhnoye Design Office (Research and Production Association) of Dnepropetrosvk, Ukraine. The spacecraft is intended for an operational and all-weather monitoring service (optical, active and passive microwave regions), providing data on the ocean surface conditions and on natural resources for Russian institutions. 1)

Spacecraft

The S/C bus is a three-segmented, vertically oriented cylinder, 3 m tall with a base diameter of 1.4 m and an upper diameter of 0.8 m. Okean's primary structure is pressurized and maintained at normal temperatures to protect the support system and payload electronics housed within. Two small, rotatable solar arrays (1.6 m x 2.0 m) provide a modest 110 - 270 W average daily power to the payload. The S/C is three-axis stabilized (nadir pointing), stabilization is also partially provided by a gravity-gradient boom extended from the top of the satellite. At the bottom, four large panels (1.0 m x 2.9 m), attached at 90º intervals, support a number of payload receivers and transmitters. A narrow, 11 m long radar antenna is fixed to the base of one panel.

The overall S/C mass is about 1950 kg with a payload capacity of 550 kg. The operational design life is 2 years.

Figure 1: Illustration of the Okean-O1 spacecraft series (image credit: Yuzhnoye)
Figure 1: Illustration of the Okean-O1 spacecraft series (image credit: Yuzhnoye)

S/C Name

Launch Date

Remarks

Instrument complement

Okean-O1-N1 (Cosmos 1766)

July 29, 1986

operational until 1988

RLSBO (3.2 cm), RM-0.8, MWP (3.2 cm), RTVK, MSU-SK, Kondor

Okean-O1-N2 (Cosmos 1869)

July 16,, 1987

operational until 1989

RLSBO (3.2 cm), RM-0.8, MWP (3.2 cm), RTVK, MSU-SK, Kondor (RLSBO did not work)

Okean-O1-N3

July 5, 1988

operational until 1990

RLSBO (3.2 cm), RM-0.8, MWP (3.2 cm), RTVK, MSU-SK, Trasser, Kondor

Okean-O1-N4

June 9, 1989

launch failure

RLSBO (3.2 cm), RM-0.8, MWP (3.2 cm), RTVK, MSU-SK, Kondor

Okean-O1-N5

Feb. 28, 1990

operational until 1991

RLSBO (3.2 cm), RM-0.8, MWP (3.2 cm), RTVK, MSU-SK, Kondor

Okean-O1-N6

June 4, 1991

operational until 1993

RLSBO (3.2 cm), RM-0.8, MWP (3.2 cm), RTVK, MSU-SK, Kondor

Okean-O1-N7

Oct. 11, 1994

operational until 1, 1996

RLSBO (3.2 cm), RM-0.8, MWP (3.2 cm), RTVK, MSU-SK, Kondor

Okean-O1-N8
(renamed to Sich-1 by NKAU)

Aug. 31, 1995

operational until 1996, Russian/Ukrainian joint venture

RLSBO (3.2 cm), RM-0.8, MWP (3.2 cm), RTVK, MSU-SK, Kondor

Okean-O1-N9, Sich-1M (modified)

Dec. 24, 2004, Plesetsk

Sich-1M did not achieve its nominal orbit

RLSBO, RM-08, MSU-M, MSU-EU1 & -EU2, MTVZA-OK, Variant

Table 1: Overview of Okean-O1 (pre-operational) series satellites

Orbit: Near-circular polar orbit, altitude range of 650 km, inclination 82.5º, period = 98 minutes.

RF communications: One of the features of Okean type satellites is the capability of direct data reception by various users having only simple hardware and software for data processing (APT type data reception). The downlink frequency of 137.4 MHz (carrier frequency with 2.4 kHz subcarrier frequency) is used for direct broadcasts of RLSBO and MSU-M imagery with reduced resolution to any of the CIS APT stations as well as to foreign users. The second science data downlink has a carrier frequency of 466.5 MHz.

Data collected are being transmitted to receiving stations at Moscow, Novosibirsk, and Khabarovsk (Pacific region). Maps can be readied in 10 days and ice forecasts sent directly to ships at sea.


 

Sensor Complement

RLSBO (Side Looking Real Aperture Radar)

RLSBO (Kharkov IRE, Ukraine, PI: Kalmykov) is the prime sensor of the Okean series (11.1 m antenna length). Wavelength/frequency: 32 mm/9.7 GHz (X-band); resolution = 2.1 - 2.8 km in flight direction, = 1.2 - 0.7 km in cross track direction; swath width = 450 km. 2)

- impulse duration = 3 µs

- impulse peak power = 100 kW

- pulse repeat frequency (ORF) = 100 Hz

- polarization = V (vertical)

RM-08 (Passive Microwave Scanning Radiometer)

RM-08 was developed at Kharkov IRE, Ukraine. Wavelength/frequency: 0.8 cm / 36.6 GHz; resolution = 15 km x 20 km, swath width = 550 km. Objective: monitoring of atmospheric water vapor, sea ice, and ocean surface temperature with an accuracy of 1 - 2 K.

MSU-M (Multispectral Scanner)

MSU-M is a low resolution instrument developed at ISDE (Institute of Space Device Engineering), Moscow. Resolution = 1.0 km x 1.7 km, swath width = 1900 km. Objective: cloud monitoring and sea surface temperature. Spectral ranges: 0.5 - 0.6 µm; 0.6 - 0.7 µm; 0.7 - 0.8 µm; 0.8 - 1.1 µm.

MSU-S (Multispectral Scanner)

MSU-S is a moderate resolution developed at ISDE, Moscow. Two spectral ranges: 0.6 - 0.7 µm, 0.7 - 0.9 µm; resolution = 250 m; swath width = 1100 km.

Kondor

Kondor is an onboard data collection system to gather data from DCPs (Data Collection Platforms) from the ground segment.


Figure 2: Observation geometries for Okean-O1 instruments (shown to one side only)

References

1) http://eng.ntsomz.ru/spacecraft/okean_o1

2) V. V. Asmus, O. Y. Milekhin, V. A. Krovotyntsev, A. S. Selivanov, “Use of Radar Data From Okean-series Satellites in Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring,” Ingenta, ISSN 0749-3878, `Mapping Sciences & Remote Sensing,' Vol. 40, No 1, 1 January 2003, pp. 17-28 (12)

The information compiled and edited in this article was provided by Herbert J. Kramer from his documentation of: ”Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors” (Springer Verlag) as well as many other sources after the publication of the 4th edition in 2002. - Comments and corrections to this article are always welcome for further updates (eoportal@symbios.space).